Quantitative research is - As per the definition, quantitative research is a systematic approach to investigating a phenomenon, fact, or event by collecting numerical data. The students conduct statistical, computational, and mathematical methods to do it. In quantitative research, the data is collected through online surveys, questionnaires, and online polls.

 
Summarily, the goal in quantitative research is to understand the relationship between an independent and dependent variable in a population. 5 Types of Quantitative Research. There are four main types of quantitative research designs: correlational, descriptive, experimental and quasi-experimental. But there’s another one; survey research.. Spark submit files

Entries cover every step of the research process, from the creative development of research topics and questions to literature reviews, selection of best methods (whether quantitative, qualitative, or mixed) for analyzing research results and publishing research findings, whether in traditional media or via new media outlets.Table of Contents. Quantitative research is a powerful tool that helps us explore and understand the world around us. It enables us to uncover patterns and trends and empowers us with data-driven insights to shape our business and drive its growth. At its core, this research methodology revolves around the collection and analysis of numerical ...Quantitative research involves collecting and analyzing numerical data. It is ideal for identifying trends and averages, making predictions, testing relationships, and generalizing results for large populations. One way to examine research methods is by considering some of the assumptions behind them: Assumptions underlying quantitative methods. Some general assumptions are characteristic of quantitative research: reality is objective, “out there,” and independent of the researcher; reality is something that can be studied objectively;The sample size is central in quantitative research, as the findings should be able to be generalised for the wider population.10 The data analysis can be done manually or more complex analyses performed using computer software sometimes with advice of a statistician. From this analysis, results like mode, mean, median, p value, CI and so on ...√ Quantitative True Intent Studies √ Card Sort / Tree Test √ Custom Quantitative Studies √ Open Web Research √ Surveys √ Max-Diff. Quantitative Research & Analysis can be helpful at any stage. It’s important to pick the right methodologies for each stage. There are many different types of Quantitative Analysis.In educational studies, the paradigm war over quantitative and qualitative research approaches has raged for more than half a century. The focus in the late twentieth century was on the distinction between the two approaches, and the motivation was to retain one of the approaches’ supremacy. Since the early twenty-first century, there has been a growing interest in situating in the middle ...Qualitative research involves collecting and analyzing non-numerical data (e.g., text, video, or audio) to understand concepts, opinions, or experiences. It can be used to gather in-depth insights into a problem or generate new ideas for research. Qualitative research is the opposite of quantitative research, which involves collecting and ...There are two significant types of survey questionnaires used to collect online data for quantitative market research. Web-based questionnaire: This is one of the ruling and most trusted methods for internet-based research or online research. In a web-based questionnaire, the receive an email containing the survey link, clicking on which takes ...Apr 1, 2015 · Abstract This article describes the basic tenets of quantitative research. The concepts of dependent and independent variables are addressed and the concept of measurement and its associated issues, such as error, reliability and validity, are explored. Quantitative research is widely used in the field of social science. Especially in psychology, marketing, sociology, political science, health, and human development. It is also used in the field of mathematics and physics. Quantitative research is done to create a cause-and-effect relationship between different variables.Structural bias: Although quantitative research is often touted as a reliable and objective research method, structural bias may still seep into the picture and affect the entire research work. For instance, missing data or use of the wrong sampling methods can utterly ruin the research and lead to the wrong conclusion.The purpose of this quantitative correlational research was to assess the extent to which preK-12th-grade (male and female) educators’ beliefs and knowledge regarding grade-level retention are related to their teaching experience, and grade level taught, at an international school located in the UAE, and whether the relationship patterns by gender were similar to the pattern for the whole ...Quantitative research is ‘Explaining phenomena by collecting numerical data that are analysed using mathematically based methods (in particu- lar statistics)’. Let’s go through this definition step by step. The first element is explaining phenomena. This is a key element of all research, be it quantitative or quali- tative. Entries cover every step of the research process, from the creative development of research topics and questions to literature reviews, selection of best methods (whether quantitative, qualitative, or mixed) for analyzing research results and publishing research findings, whether in traditional media or via new media outlets.Quantitative data is data that can be counted or measured in numerical values. The two main types of quantitative data are discrete data and continuous data. Height in feet, age in years, and weight in pounds are examples of quantitative data. Qualitative data is descriptive data that is not expressed numerically.Quantitative research involves collecting and analyzing numerical data. It is ideal for identifying trends and averages, making predictions, testing relationships, and generalizing results for large populations. Quantitative research designs tend to be more fixed and deductive, with variables and hypotheses clearly defined in advance of data collection. Quantitative research example If you want to test the effectiveness of an online teaching method, a quantitative approach is most suitable. You can use this type of research to measure learning outcomes ...Here’s a more detailed point-by-point comparison between the two types of research: 1. Goal or Aim of the Research. The primary aim of a Qualitative Research is to provide a complete, detailed description of the research topic. It is usually more exploratory in nature. Quantitative Research on the other hand focuses more in counting and ...There are two significant types of survey questionnaires used to collect online data for quantitative market research. Web-based questionnaire: This is one of the ruling and most trusted methods for internet-based research or online research. In a web-based questionnaire, the receive an email containing the survey link, clicking on which takes ...A correlational research design investigates relationships between variables without the researcher controlling or manipulating any of them. A correlation reflects the strength and/or direction of the relationship between two (or more) variables. The direction of a correlation can be either positive or negative. Positive correlation.Quantitative research is a systematic investigation of collecting quantifiable data through statistical, computational or mathematical techniques. Quantitative research gathers data from the potential and existing customers via sampling methods like surveys, polls, and questionnaires. The result can be depicted in the numerical form.Summarily, the goal in quantitative research is to understand the relationship between an independent and dependent variable in a population. 5 Types of Quantitative Research. There are four main types of quantitative research designs: correlational, descriptive, experimental and quasi-experimental. But there’s another one; survey research.Qualitative vs Quantitative Research; QUAL ITATIVE QUANT ITATIVE; Methods include focus groups, unstructured or in-depth interviews, and reviews of documents for types of themes: Surveys, structured interviews, measurements & observations, and reviews of records or documents for numeric or quantifiable informationThere are two significant types of survey questionnaires used to collect online data for quantitative market research. Web-based questionnaire: This is one of the ruling and most trusted methods for internet-based research or online research. In a web-based questionnaire, the receive an email containing the survey link, clicking on which takes ...Here’s a more detailed point-by-point comparison between the two types of research: 1. Goal or Aim of the Research. The primary aim of a Qualitative Research is to provide a complete, detailed description of the research topic. It is usually more exploratory in nature. Quantitative Research on the other hand focuses more in counting and ...Research is the most widely used tool to increase and brush-up the stock of knowledge about something and someone. In the field of marketing, business, sociology, psychology, science & technology, economics, etc. there are two standard ways of conducting research, i.e. qualitative research or quantitative research.Descriptive research methods. Descriptive research is usually defined as a type of quantitative research, though qualitative research can also be used for descriptive purposes. The research design should be carefully developed to ensure that the results are valid and reliable. SurveysThe sample size is central in quantitative research, as the findings should be able to be generalised for the wider population.10 The data analysis can be done manually or more complex analyses performed using computer software sometimes with advice of a statistician. From this analysis, results like mode, mean, median, p value, CI and so on ...Apr 1, 2015 · Abstract This article describes the basic tenets of quantitative research. The concepts of dependent and independent variables are addressed and the concept of measurement and its associated issues, such as error, reliability and validity, are explored. Apr 12, 2019 · Quantitative research Quantitative research is expressed in numbers and graphs. It is used to test or confirm theories and assumptions. This type of research can be used to establish generalizable facts. about a topic. Common quantitative methods include experiments, observations recorded as numbers, and surveys with closed-ended questions. Quantitative Market Research is a technique to ask questions to the target audience in an organized manner using surveys, polls or questionnaires. Received responses can be analyzed to make well-thought decisions for improving products and services, that will in turn help increase respondent satisfaction levels.While, “Quantitative research is a formal, objective, and systematic process in which numerical data are used to obtain information about the world” (Burns & Grove, 2006, p. 35). The example of quantitative research question: what is the prevalence of drug abuse in Pakistan”?In the world of research, across many different research fields, there are two main approaches that researchers employ: qualitative and quantitative research. In this article, we will explore the key differences between qualitative and quantitative research and look at what the main differences are, including their respective strengths and weaknesses, as well as some common methods used in ...Qualitative research is very different in nature when compared to quantitative research. It takes an established path towards the research process, how research questions are set up, how existing theories are built upon, what research methods are employed, and how the findings are unveiled to the readers. You may adopt conventional methods ...Quantitative data is data that can be counted or measured in numerical values. The two main types of quantitative data are discrete data and continuous data. Height in feet, age in years, and weight in pounds are examples of quantitative data. Qualitative data is descriptive data that is not expressed numerically.Quantitative research is the process of collecting and analyzing numerical data to describe, predict, or control variables of interest. This type of research helps in testing the causal relationships between variables, making predictions, and generalizing results to wider populations. The purpose of quantitative research is to test a predefined ...Quantitative research, in contrast to qualitative research, deals with data that are numerical or that can be converted into numbers. The basic methods used to investigate numerical data are called ‘statistics’. Statistical techniques are concerned with the organisation, analysis, interpretation and presentation of numerical data.Quantitative Research involves the use of computational, statistical, and mathematical tools to derive results. It is conclusive in its purpose as it tries to quantify the problem and understand how prevalent it is by looking for projectable results to a larger population. On the other hand, qualitative research is generally more explorative, a ...Quantitative research design is an excellent way of finalizing results and proving or disproving a hypothesis. The structure has not changed for centuries, so is standard across many scientific fields and disciplines. After statistical analysis of the results, a comprehensive answer is reached, and the results can be legitimately discussed and ...Quantitative Research Approach. Quantitative research most often uses deductive logic, in which researchers start with hypotheses and then collect data which can be used to determine whether empirical evidence to support that hypothesis exists. Quantitative analysis requires numeric information in the form of variables. A variable is a way of ...Quantitative Research: Empirical research in which the researcher explores relationships using numeric data. Survey is generally considered a form of quantitative research. Results can often be generalized, though this is not always the case.4. Multiple-choice. This characteristic of quantitative research which refers to its necessity to arrive at a more reliable data analysis. 5. Multiple-choice. It is done to check the correctness and verify the findings of the study. 6. Multiple-choice. The researchers know in advance what they are looking for.The purpose of this quantitative correlational research was to assess the extent to which preK-12th-grade (male and female) educators’ beliefs and knowledge regarding grade-level retention are related to their teaching experience, and grade level taught, at an international school located in the UAE, and whether the relationship patterns by gender were similar to the pattern for the whole ...Quantitative Research Approach. Quantitative research most often uses deductive logic, in which researchers start with hypotheses and then collect data which can be used to determine whether empirical evidence to support that hypothesis exists. Quantitative analysis requires numeric information in the form of variables. A variable is a way of ...Qualitative vs. Quantitative Data Collection. As qualitative and quantitative studies collect different data, their data collection methods differ considerably. Quantitative studies rely on numerical or measurable data. In contrast, qualitative studies rely on personal accounts or documents that illustrate in detail how people think or respond ...Generally speaking, Qualitative Research cannot be statistically analyzed, as it revolves around open-ended feedback. In contrast, Quantitative Research is easier to analyze with a survey platform because it relies on questions with specific answer options that can be quantified. With this distinction in mind, let’s explore further.Qualitative Observation is a process of research that uses subjective methodologies to gather systematic information or data. Since, the focus on qualitative observation is the research process of using subjective methodologies to gather information or data.As per the definition, quantitative research is a systematic approach to investigating a phenomenon, fact, or event by collecting numerical data. The students conduct statistical, computational, and mathematical methods to do it. In quantitative research, the data is collected through online surveys, questionnaires, and online polls.Apr 12, 2019 · Quantitative research Quantitative research is expressed in numbers and graphs. It is used to test or confirm theories and assumptions. This type of research can be used to establish generalizable facts. about a topic. Common quantitative methods include experiments, observations recorded as numbers, and surveys with closed-ended questions. Table of Contents. Quantitative research is a powerful tool that helps us explore and understand the world around us. It enables us to uncover patterns and trends and empowers us with data-driven insights to shape our business and drive its growth. At its core, this research methodology revolves around the collection and analysis of numerical ...Quantitative research is a planned method of collecting and examining data from a range of sources. Its aim is conclusive. It is because this research aims to enumerate the issues and recognize their scope, searching for results that can be presented to a larger population.Qualitative and Quantitative Research. In general, quantitative research seeks to understand the causal or correlational relationship between variables through testing hypotheses, whereas qualitative research seeks to understand a phenomenon within a real-world context through the use of interviews and observation.Quantitative Research: Empirical research in which the researcher explores relationships using numeric data. Survey is generally considered a form of quantitative research. Results can often be generalized, though this is not always the case.Qualitative vs quantitative: Qualitative research methods focus on words and meanings, while quantitative research methods focus on numbers and statistics. Is your research more concerned with measuring something or interpreting something? You can also create a mixed methods research design that has elements of both.Quantitative data is data that can be counted or measured in numerical values. The two main types of quantitative data are discrete data and continuous data. Height in feet, age in years, and weight in pounds are examples of quantitative data. Qualitative data is descriptive data that is not expressed numerically.Apr 4, 2022 · Revised on 10 October 2022. Quantitative research is the process of collecting and analysing numerical data. It can be used to find patterns and averages, make predictions, test causal relationships, and generalise results to wider populations. Quantitative research is the opposite of qualitative research, which involves collecting and ... No matter the field of study, all research can be divided into two distinct methodologies: qualitative and quantitative research. Both methodologies offer education researchers important insights. Education research assesses problems in policy, practices, and curriculum design, and it helps administrators identify solutions.Apr 12, 2019 · Quantitative research Quantitative research is expressed in numbers and graphs. It is used to test or confirm theories and assumptions. This type of research can be used to establish generalizable facts. about a topic. Common quantitative methods include experiments, observations recorded as numbers, and surveys with closed-ended questions. The purpose of quantitative research is to attain greater knowledge and understanding of the social world. Researchers use quantitative methods to observe situations or events that affect people. 1 Quantitative research produces objective data that can be clearly communicated through statistics and numbers. We do this in a systematic scientific ...Quantitative research is based on the collection and interpretation of numeric data. It focuses on measuring (using inferential statistics ) and generalizing results. In terms of digital experience data, it puts everything in terms of numbers (or discrete data )—like the number of users clicking a button, bounce rates , time on site, and more.Table of Contents. Quantitative research is a powerful tool that helps us explore and understand the world around us. It enables us to uncover patterns and trends and empowers us with data-driven insights to shape our business and drive its growth. At its core, this research methodology revolves around the collection and analysis of numerical ...Quantitative research involves collecting and analyzing numerical data. It is ideal for identifying trends and averages, making predictions, testing relationships, and generalizing results for large populations. While, “Quantitative research is a formal, objective, and systematic process in which numerical data are used to obtain information about the world” (Burns & Grove, 2006, p. 35). The example of quantitative research question: what is the prevalence of drug abuse in Pakistan”?Quantitative research is an integral part of market research that relies on hard facts and numerical data to gain an objective picture of people’s opinions as possible. Quantitative research differs from qualitative research in several important ways and is a highly useful tool for researchers.Quantitative research is ‘Explaining phenomena by collecting numerical data that are analysed using mathematically based methods (in particu- lar statistics)’. Let’s go through this definition step by step. The first element is explaining phenomena. This is a key element of all research, be it quantitative or quali- tative. 4. Multiple-choice. This characteristic of quantitative research which refers to its necessity to arrive at a more reliable data analysis. 5. Multiple-choice. It is done to check the correctness and verify the findings of the study. 6. Multiple-choice. The researchers know in advance what they are looking for.Qualitative vs quantitative: Qualitative research methods focus on words and meanings, while quantitative research methods focus on numbers and statistics. Is your research more concerned with measuring something or interpreting something? You can also create a mixed methods research design that has elements of both.Quantitative research is a method of collecting numerical data that can be consistently compared and analyzed. It can be used to collect and analyze data to answer a broad range of research questions. Quantitative methods and data are used by some business owners, for example, to evaluate their business, diagnose issues, and identify opportunities.The following precedes the different types of Quantitative research types with the description of each. 1. Survey Research. Survey Research is the most elementary tool for all sorts of quantitative research techniques. The very most important purpose of the research is to widely explain the characteristics of a particular group or a bunch of ...Quantitative research deals in numbers, logic, and an objective stance. Quantitative research focuses on numberic and unchanging data and detailed, convergent reasoning rather than divergent reasoning [i.e., the generation of a variety of ideas about a research problem in a spontaneous, free-flowing manner]. Its main characteristics are:Generally speaking, Qualitative Research cannot be statistically analyzed, as it revolves around open-ended feedback. In contrast, Quantitative Research is easier to analyze with a survey platform because it relies on questions with specific answer options that can be quantified. With this distinction in mind, let’s explore further.Apr 4, 2022 · Revised on 10 October 2022. Quantitative research is the process of collecting and analysing numerical data. It can be used to find patterns and averages, make predictions, test causal relationships, and generalise results to wider populations. Quantitative research is the opposite of qualitative research, which involves collecting and ... Quantitative research is the methodology which researchers use to test theories about people’s attitudes and behaviors based on numerical and statistical evidence. Researchers sample a large number of users (e.g., through surveys) to indirectly obtain measurable, bias-free data about users in relevant situations. Quantitative research data tends to be used when researchers are interested in understanding a particular moment in time and examining data sets over time to find trends and patterns. The difference between quantitative and qualitative research methodology. While qualitative research is defined as data that supplies non-numerical information ...There are two significant types of survey questionnaires used to collect online data for quantitative market research. Web-based questionnaire: This is one of the ruling and most trusted methods for internet-based research or online research. In a web-based questionnaire, the receive an email containing the survey link, clicking on which takes ...Quantitative research is a way to conduct studies and examine data for trends and patterns. Researchers using quantitative methods often attempt to interpret the meaning of the data to find potential causal relationships between different variables. If you want to work in research, understanding this style can help you study issues through data ...While, “Quantitative research is a formal, objective, and systematic process in which numerical data are used to obtain information about the world” (Burns & Grove, 2006, p. 35). The example of quantitative research question: what is the prevalence of drug abuse in Pakistan”?Quantitative research allows the researcher to obtain statistics from collected data. Research is a progressive study that involves collecting, analysis, and interpreting the data. The purpose of the study is to discover the association between variables. There are different types of research as dictated by the ultimate goals and the subject ...Survey Research is a quantitative research method used for collecting data from a set of respondents. It has been perhaps one of the most used methodologies in the industry for several years due to the multiple benefits and advantages that it has when collecting and analyzing data.Quantitative research is an important part of market research that relies on hard facts and numerical data to gain as objective a picture of people’s opinions as possible. It’s different from qualitative research in a number of important ways and is a highly useful tool for researchers. Quantitative research is a systematic empirical ...Quantitative research is an integral part of market research that relies on hard facts and numerical data to gain an objective picture of people’s opinions as possible. Quantitative research differs from qualitative research in several important ways and is a highly useful tool for researchers.Quantitative research deals in numbers, logic, and an objective stance. Quantitative research focuses on numberic and unchanging data and detailed, convergent reasoning rather than divergent reasoning [i.e., the generation of a variety of ideas about a research problem in a spontaneous, free-flowing manner]. Its main characteristics are:This quantitative methodology involves the measurement and examination of variables in order to arrive at conclusive outcomes. This method entails the use of numerical data, and the application of ...Quantitative research is useful in order to gain an understanding of the underlying opinions, motivations, and reasons. It gives insights into the problems. Also, quantitative research helps to develop ideas and hypotheses, whereas qualitative research is useful in uncovering trends, ideas and opinions, and gives deeper insights into the problem.Quantitative research designs tend to be more fixed and deductive, with variables and hypotheses clearly defined in advance of data collection. Quantitative research example If you want to test the effectiveness of an online teaching method, a quantitative approach is most suitable. You can use this type of research to measure learning outcomes ...

Summarily, the goal in quantitative research is to understand the relationship between an independent and dependent variable in a population. 5 Types of Quantitative Research. There are four main types of quantitative research designs: correlational, descriptive, experimental and quasi-experimental. But there’s another one; survey research.. Sandp 500 predictions 2040

quantitative research is

Quantitative research is an important part of market research that relies on hard facts and numerical data to gain as objective a picture of people’s opinions as possible. It’s different from qualitative research in a number of important ways and is a highly useful tool for researchers. Quantitative research is a systematic empirical ...2.Research is the process of making claims and then refining or aban - doning some of them for other claims more strongly warranted. Most quantitative research, for example, starts with the test of a theory. 3.Data, evidence, and rational considerations shape knowledge. In practice, the researcher collects information on instruments basedQualitative research is very different in nature when compared to quantitative research. It takes an established path towards the research process, how research questions are set up, how existing theories are built upon, what research methods are employed, and how the findings are unveiled to the readers. You may adopt conventional methods ...Apr 12, 2019 · Quantitative research Quantitative research is expressed in numbers and graphs. It is used to test or confirm theories and assumptions. This type of research can be used to establish generalizable facts. about a topic. Common quantitative methods include experiments, observations recorded as numbers, and surveys with closed-ended questions. Quantitative research is based on structure and uses experiments and surveys as methods. In addition, it is deductive in nature and uses statistical sampling methods. In contrast, qualitative research is described as an action research using observation and interview methods. It is inductive in nature and depends on the purposeful selection of ...Quantitative research is an important part of market research that relies on hard facts and numerical data to gain as objective a picture of people’s opinions as possible. It’s different from qualitative research in a number of important ways and is a highly useful tool for researchers. Quantitative research is a systematic empirical ...Quantitative research involves collecting and analyzing numerical data. It is ideal for identifying trends and averages, making predictions, testing relationships, and generalizing results for large populations. While, “Quantitative research is a formal, objective, and systematic process in which numerical data are used to obtain information about the world” (Burns & Grove, 2006, p. 35). The example of quantitative research question: what is the prevalence of drug abuse in Pakistan”?Qualitative research involves collecting and analyzing non-numerical data (e.g., text, video, or audio) to understand concepts, opinions, or experiences. It can be used to gather in-depth insights into a problem or generate new ideas for research. Qualitative research is the opposite of quantitative research, which involves collecting and ...Structural bias: Although quantitative research is often touted as a reliable and objective research method, structural bias may still seep into the picture and affect the entire research work. For instance, missing data or use of the wrong sampling methods can utterly ruin the research and lead to the wrong conclusion.Quantitative Research Design & Methods Topics Types of quantitative research Measurement Fundamentals Concepts and construct validity Levels of measurement Research Validity Quantitative Research Measurement Fundamentals A key difference is that normal science deals with concepts that are well defined and to great extent standardized measures (e.g. speed, distance, volume, weight, size, etc.)Quantitative research is an important part of market research that relies on hard facts and numerical data to gain as objective a picture of people’s opinions as possible. It’s different from qualitative research in a number of important ways and is a highly useful tool for researchers. Quantitative research is a systematic empirical ...Quantitative data is data that can be quantified. It can be counted or measured, and given a numerical value. Quantitative data lends itself to statistical analysis, while qualitative data is grouped according to themes. Quantitative data can be discrete or continuous.Seven characteristics discriminate qualitative methods of research from qualitative ones. I enumerate the characteristics of quantitative research methods in the following list. 1. Contain Measurable Variables. Data gathering instruments contain items that solicit measurable characteristics of the population.A correlational research design investigates relationships between variables without the researcher controlling or manipulating any of them. A correlation reflects the strength and/or direction of the relationship between two (or more) variables. The direction of a correlation can be either positive or negative. Positive correlation.Qualitative vs Quantitative Research. Quantitative Research is used to quantify the problem by way of generating numerical data or data that can be transformed into useable statistics. It is used to quantify attitudes, opinions, behaviors, and other defined variables – and generalize results from a larger sample population.Qualitative vs. Quantitative Data Collection. As qualitative and quantitative studies collect different data, their data collection methods differ considerably. Quantitative studies rely on numerical or measurable data. In contrast, qualitative studies rely on personal accounts or documents that illustrate in detail how people think or respond ...Key points regarding survey research:In the survey research, the users raised various queries; therefore, the quantitative analysis was also done on the same basis.For conducting the survey research analysis, longitudinal and cross-sectional surveys are performed.The longitudinal survey research applies to the population at different time durations.The term quantitative research refers to the techniques, strategies, and assumptions used to study various processes. The objective of a quantitative research study is to determine the relationship between an independent variable and an outcome or dependent variable within a population. Quantitative research methods may include a sample ...Quantitative research is the process of collecting and analyzing numerical data. It can be used to find patterns and averages, make predictions, test causal relationships, and generalize results to wider populations.quantitative research, different types and assumptions of quantitative research, when to use and not to use quantitative methods, advantages, common approaches and samples of quantitative research, and common misconceptions. Besides, a set of criteria for evaluating quantitative research proposal is provided. The main focus is on the ....

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